acute accents (e.g. á) needed for Irish are generated by pressing the AltGr key together with the letter (or AltGr+ '– acting as a dead key combination– followed by the letter). Thus AltGr+ a produces á; AltGr+ ⇧ Shift+ a produces Á. (Some programs use the combination of AltGr and a letter for other functions, in which case the AltGr+ ' method must be used to generate acute accents). Michael Ashkenazi; Princess Mawuena Amuzu; Jan Grebe; Christof Kögler; Marc Kösling (February 2013). MANPADS - A Terrorist Threat to Civilian Aviation? (PDF) (Report). BICC brief. Vol.47. Bonn International Center for Conversion. p.159. ISSN 0947-7322 . Retrieved 8 September 2019. The US keyboard layout has a second Alt instead of the AltGr key and does not use any dead keys; this makes it inefficient for all but a handful of languages. On the other hand, the US keyboard layout (or the similar UK layout) is occasionally used by programmers in countries where the keys for [ { are located in less convenient positions on the locally customary layout. [19] Most typewriters use a QWERTZ keyboard with Polish letters (with diacritical marks) accessed directly (officially approved as "Typist's keyboard", Polish: klawiatura maszynistki, Polish Standard PN-87), which is mainly ignored in Poland as impractical (custom-made keyboards, e.g., those in the public sector as well as some Apple computers, present an exception to this paradigm); the "Polish programmer's" ( Polish: polski programisty) layout has become the de facto standard, used on virtually all computers sold on the Polish market.

Blumstengel, S., Sadofev, S., Kirmse, H. & Henneberger, F. Extreme low-temperature molecular beam epitaxy of ZnO-based quantum structures. Appl. Phys. Lett. 98, 031907 (2011). Blumstengel, S., Sadofev, S., Xu, C., Puls, J. & Henneberger, F. Converting Wannier into Frenkel excitons in an inorganic/organic hybrid semiconductor nanostructure. Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 237401 (2006). In both the number line is identical to the American layout, beside ( ) being mirrored, and not including the key to the left of 1. English-speaking Canadians have traditionally used the same keyboard layout as in the United States, unless they are in a position where they have to write French on a regular basis. French-speaking Canadians respectively have favoured the Canadian French keyboard layout (see French (Canada), below).

Kedem, N. et al. Morphology-, synthesis- and doping-independent tuning of ZnO work function using phenylphosphonates. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 16, 8310–8319 (2014).

The UK Extended keyboard uses mostly the AltGr key to add diacritics to the letters a, e, i, n, o, u, w and y (the last two being used in Welsh) as appropriate for each character, as well as to their capitals. Pressing the key and then a character that does not take the specific diacritic produces the behaviour of a standard keyboard. The key presses followed by spacebar generate a stand-alone mark.:Liang, W. Y. & Yoffe, A. D. Transmission spectra of ZnO single crystals. Phys. Rev. Lett. 20, 59 (1968). The "primary" layout is intended for traditional users who have learned how to type with older, Microsoft-style implementations of the Romanian keyboard. The "secondary" layout is mainly used by programmers as it does not contradict the physical arrangement of keys on a US-style keyboard. The "secondary" arrangement is used as the default Romanian layout by Linux distributions, as defined in the "X Keyboard Configuration Database". [39] DeClerq, David (October 1999). Trends in Small Arms and Light Weapons Development: Non-Proliferation and Arms Control Dimensions (PDF) (Report). Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade, Canada. p.29 . Retrieved 6 March 2022. Minor changes to the arrangement are made for other languages. There are a large number of different keyboard layouts used for different languages written in Latin script. They can be divided into three main families according to where the Q, A, Z, M, and Y keys are placed on the keyboard. These are usually named after the first six letters, for example this QWERTY layout and the AZERTY layout.

Main, K. et al. Energy transfer induced enhancement of localized exciton emission in ZnO nanoparticle–anthracene hybrid films. Phys. Stat. Sol. RRL 7, 1089–1092 (2013).The Brazilian computer keyboard layout is specified in the ABNT NBR 10346 variant 2 (alphanumeric portion) and 10347 (numeric portion) standards.