png Comparative anatomy: The study of the similarities and differences among the anatomical structures of different species, including extinct species. Other classes of the vertebrata are Pisces (fish), Amphibia (frogs), Aves (birds), and Reptilia (scaly things).

The short answer is, scientists do say what they mean (most of them, most of the time, to the best of their ability), but what they mean can’t be said in the English language that people use to talk about routine daily matters. The longer answer to the question of why scientists don’t say what they mean starts with a little chat about jargon. With the help of this book, hearing the terminology and topics in a classroom will not be as foreign to me as I have never studied this area before. Instead use the terms in the following list:

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• Anterior or ventral: Toward the front of the body
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• Posterior or dorsal: Toward the back of the body
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• Superior: A part above another part
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• Inferior: A part below another part
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• Medial: Toward the midline (median plane) of the body
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• Lateral: Away from the midline of the body; toward the sides
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• Proximal: Toward the point of attachment to the body
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• Distal: Away from the point of attachment to the body
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• Deep: Toward the inside of the body
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• Superficial: Toward the outside of the body
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• Parietal: A membrane that covers an internal body wall
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• Visceral: A membrane that covers an organ
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Also remember that right and left are that of the patient, not the observer.

The amount of anatomical and physiological knowledge that digital imaging technologies have helped generate over the past 30 years has transformed biological and medical science. A tissue is a structure made of many cells — usually several different kinds of cells — that performs a specific function. Thoracic cavity: The chest; contains the trachea, bronchi, lungs, esophagus, heart and great blood vessels, thymus gland, lymph nodes, and nerve,. The parathyroid glands are not large, but certainly way bigger than "a grain of rice") - and this makes me question how factual the physiology information is. It’s entirely within the norms of evolutionary theory that people would be most interested in their own specie-alties, so more humans find human anatomy and physiology more interesting than the anatomy and physiology of the alga.

At times, it can be overwhelming because there are complex chemistry / microbiology parts when you get to the part about glycolosis and subjects like it, but taking your time; and re-reading over it enables you to grasp the basic concepts of the more complex parts of this book. For example, the stomach is an organ that has the specific physiological function of breaking down food.

Physiology is the study of how the human body works; how all the anatomical parts function together to keep an individual alive.