The worms lay their eggs in small, yellow, lemon-shaped cocoons every three to four days, except in winter. One or more young worms emerge from the cocoons around 23 days after they are laid. These worms grow and become sexually mature three to six weeks after hatching. If too much waste is added for the worms to cope with then the wormery may start to smell. This could also attract flies and possibly vermin. Remove and dispose of excess or undigested food. Wait until the worms start digesting the top layer of food before adding further waste. A wormery should be kept in a shed or a sheltered area of the garden where it gets neither too cold in the winter nor too hot in the summer

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Eisenia fetida, known under various common names such as manure worm, [2] redworm, brandling worm, panfish worm, trout worm, tiger worm, red wiggler worm, etc., is a species of earthworm adapted to decaying organic material. These worms thrive in rotting vegetation, compost, and manure. They are epigean, rarely found in soil. In this trait, they resemble Lumbricus rubellus. Organic waste usually has a high moisture content. If the lid is kept on, dry conditions are unlikely to occur. Add water only if the wormery appears dry.

3. Making compost in your wormery

If the waste is not being eaten, feeding should be stopped for a few days until the worms start to work through the top layer of the composting material Maboeta, M.S.; Rensburg, L.van (2003). "Vermicomposting of industrially produced woodchips and sewage sludge utilizing Eisenia fetida". Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 56 (2): 265–270. doi: 10.1016/S0147-6513(02)00101-X. ISSN 0147-6513. PMID 12927558. Moreover, red worm is widely used in fishing, being one of the most ideal baits for tench, bream, and roach. [11] [12] Odor [ edit ] Compost worms are hermaphrodites, which means they have both female and male sex organs. Nevertheless, compost worms usually still need to mate with each other to reproduce. Compost worms breed fast and can double their population every 60-90 days, depending on temperature.

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Alternatively, if the weather is warm and dry, spread the contents of the wormery thinly over a polythene sheet. Cover the centre of the compost with layer of wet newspaper. As the compost dries, the worms will move towards the cool, moist compost under the newspaper from where they can be collected. Once emptied, and the worms separated, the wormery can be filled with a new layer of bedding, the worms returned. Any raw vegetables, except for onions, shallots, leeks and garlic that are best used in small amounts or cooked first

1. Build your wormery

If you have a friend with an established wormery or compost bin, then they may be able to give you some worms from their colony. How do composting worms reproduce? Keep the wormery out of direct sunlight as it may get too hot for the worms. A shady north-facing wall is a good position for the summer. Bruhn, Heike; Winkelmann, Julia; Andersen, Christian; Andrä, Jörg; Leippe, Matthias (2006-01-01). "Dissection of the mechanisms of cytolytic and antibacterial activity of lysenin, a defence protein of the annelid Eisenia fetida". Developmental & Comparative Immunology. 30 (7): 597–606. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2005.09.002. ISSN 0145-305X. PMID 16386304. It is a large fluid-filled cavity that extends the entire length of the worm, located between the body wall and the alimentary canal (the digestive system). Worms release coelomic fluid for a number of reasons, one of those being stress. As such, Red Worms will sometimes release this liquid as a defense mechanism when they are feeling threatened.

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These worms prefer slightly different conditions, so you may find a mix of both gives you more flexibility in maintaining your wormery. Jim, Uncle (26 June 2012). "Best Worms For Bait Fishing". Uncle Jim's Worm Farm . Retrieved 3 February 2023. Too much wet waste can make your wormery smelly, while too much dry waste can slow down the composting process. You can add some shredded newspaper or cardboard if you think your mix is getting too wet.When roughly handled, a redworm exudes a pungent liquid, thus the specific name fetida meaning " foul-smelling". This is presumably an antipredator adaptation. [13] Close-up of E. fetida with visible bristles Related species [ edit ]