DZ and SC contributed to the conception of the review. YZ and EK helped collect and perform the chemical analysis of compounds. FY helped to analyze the pharmacological activities of alkaloids. ZM and YS contributed to the mechanisms and biosynthetic pathways of alkaloids and wrote the manuscript. Funding

of Biological Sciences, Lehman College and The Graduate Center, City University of New York, Bronx, NY, United States have thin pseudobulbs with darker leaves and soft-caned, which are known to be evergreen and keep their leaves for many years. The other difference comes from the way they grow their flowers – hard-caned Dendrobiums are characteristic

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Indolizidine alkaloids are important constituents of Dendrobium ( Xu et al., 2019). Twelve indolizidine alkaloids were observed in Dendrobium, most of which were from Dendrobium crepidatum Lindl. et Paxton ( Figure 2, 8–19). Dendroprimine (8) is a simple indolizidine alkaloid reported in Dendrobium primulinum Lindl. ( Lüning et al., 1965). Other indolizidine alkaloids such as crepidine (9), crepidamine (10), isocrepidamine (11), and isodendrocrepine (12) were found in Dendrobium crepidatum Lindl. et Paxton ( Elander et al., 1973; Hu et al., 2020). The other three alkaloids of this type (±)-homocrepidine A [(±)-13] (±)-dendrocrepidamine A [(±)-14], and homocrepidine B (15) were first identified from the same Dendrobium species by Hu et al. (2016; 2020). Then the absolute configurations of the new pairs enantiomeric octahydroindolizine compounds (±)-homocrepodine A [(±)-13] and (±)- dendrocrepidamine A [(±)-14], were verified by single-crystal X-ray diffraction ( Hu et al., 2016; Hu et al., 2020). Recently, four new indolizidine alkaloids, crepidatumines A to D (16–19), were purified from Dendrobium crepidatum Lindl. et Paxton by Xu et al. (2019; 2020). Terpenoid Alkaloids

Grow in intermediate to cool temperatures year-round, with night temperatures of 50-60ºF (10-15ºC) and daytime temperatures of max 85ºF (24-32ºC). Engineering Research Center of Plant Disease and Pest, Biocontrol Engineering Research Center of Crop Disease and Pest, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China medium is soggy and doesn't drain properly. Of course, always wait until the orchid stopped blooming before repotting. Remove the old potting medium and cut away all old roots. These orchids are happier in smaller pots, but when they tetrahydro-1 H-pyrido [3,4-b] indole-3-carboxylic acid (62) was the only reported indole alkaloid from Dendrobium devonianum Paxton ( Zhang et al., 2013) ( Figure 5). Moreover, anosmines (63) are another type of alkaloids isolated from two species of Dendrobium, whose structures were confirmed by X-ray crystallography ( Hemscheidt and Spenser, 1993). Metabolic Analysis of Dendrobium

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Be cautious with this combination • Medications used to prevent seizures (Anticonvulsants) interacts with DENDROBIUM Liang J, Chen S, Chen J, et al. Therapeutic roles of polysaccharides from Dendrobium Officinale on colitis and its underlying mechanisms. Carbohydr Polym. 2018;185:159-68. View abstract.