Blanc, A. & Daguzan, J., 1999. Young cuttlefish Sepia officinalis (Mollusca: Sepiidae) in the Morbihan Bay (south Brittany, France): accessory prey of predators. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the U.K., 79, 1133-1134. Sensitivity assessment.Resistance is therefore likely to be ‘ High’. Resilience is probably ‘ High’ and sensitivity is, therefore ‘ Not sensitive’. Solé, M., Lenoir, M., Durfort, M., López-Bejar, M., Lombarte, A., van der Schaar, M. & André, M., 2013. Does exposure to noise from human activities compromise sensory information from cephalopod statocysts? Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 95, 160-181. Hochberg. F. G.,1990. Diseases caused by protistans and metazoans. In Kinne:Diseases of Marine Animals. Vol III. Diseases of Mollusca: Cephalopoda, Hamburg: pp. 47-202.

Rodhouse, P.G.K., Pierce, G.J., Nichols, O.C., Sauer, W.H.H., Arkhipkin, A.I., Laptikhovsky, V.V., Lipiński, M.R., Ramos, J.E., Gras, M., Kidokoro, H., Sadayasu, K., Pereira, J., Lefkaditou, E., Pita, C., Gasalla, M., Haimovici, M., Sakai, M. & Downey, N., 2014. Environmental Effects on Cephalopod Population Dynamics: Implications for Management of Fisheries. In Vidal, E.A.G. (ed.) Advances in Marine Biology, 64, 99-233. Enever, R., Revill, A. & Grant, A., 2007. Discarding in the English Channel, Western approaches, Celtic and Irish seas (ICES subarea VII). Fisheries Research, 86, 143-152. Tonkins, B.M., Tyers, A.M. & Cooke, G.M., 2015. Cuttlefish in captivity: an investigation into housing and husbandry for improving welfare. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 168, 77-83. Pérez-Losada, M., Guerra, A. & Sanjuan, A., 1999. Allozyme differentiation in the cuttlefish Sepia officinalis (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) from the NE Atlantic and Mediterranean. Heredity, 83, 280-289. Koueta, N. & Boucaud-Camou, E., 2001. Basic growth relations in experimental rearing of early juvenile cuttlefish Sepia officinalis L. (Mollusca: Cephalopoda). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 265, 75-87.Lutz, H.L., Ramirez-Puebla, T., Abbo, L., Schlundt, C., Sjaarda, A.K., Durand, A., Hanlon, R.T., Gilbert, J. & Mark Welch, J.L., 2018. A simple microbiome in esophagus and gills of the European common cuttlefish, Sepia officinalis. bioRxiv440677; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/440677 Ward. P. D., Boletzky. S. v., 1984. Shell implosion depth and implosion morphologies in three species of Sepia (Cephalopoda) from the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of the Marine Biological Association, 64, 955-966. Boyle, P.R. (ed.), 1983. Cephalopod Life Cycles, vol 1. Species Accounts. London: Academic Press Inc. (London) Ltd. Benchmark.A permanent or temporary barrier to species movement over ≥50% of water body width or a 10% change in tidal excursion. Further detail

Cronin, E.R. & Seymour, R.S., 2000. Respiration of the eggs of the giant cuttlefish Sepia apama. Marine Biology, 136, 863-870. Gutowska, M.A. & Melzner, F., 2009. Abiotic conditions in cephalopod ( Sepia officinalis) eggs: embryonic development at low pH and high pCO 2. Marine Biology, 156, 515-519. Honestly, due to what's been going on with the world, It's been put on hold for many months until now. Neves dos Santos, M., Jorge Saldanha, H. & Garcia, A., 2002. Observations on by-catch from a tuna trap fishery off the Algarve (southern Portugal). ICCAT, 54, 1726-1732. Soliman, A.M., Fahmy, S.R., Sayed, A.A. & Abd El-Latif, A.A., 2016. New insights into sepsis therapy using Sepia Officinalis. Jundishapur journal of microbiology, 9

Comments

Buresch, K.C., Ulmer, K.M., Akkaynak, D., Allen, J.J., Mäthger, L.M., Nakamura, M. & Hanlon, R.T., 2015. Cuttlefish adjust body pattern intensity with respect to substrate intensity to aid camouflage, but do not camouflage in extremely low light. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 462, 121-126.

Benchmark. Removal of features or incidental non-targeted catch (by-catch) through targeted fishery, shellfishery or harvesting at a commercial or recreational scale. Further detail Adult Sepia officinalis are able to survive in salinities of 18 PSU but only if acclimatised slowly (Guerra & Castro, 1988). However, adults are sufficiently mobile and are able to move to a new area if conditions are unfavourable. Juveniles are thought to have a higher plasticity to changes in salinity allowing them to live in more sheltered lagoons with higher freshwater influxes (Paulij et al., 1990). However, normal embryonic development requires salinities above 24 ppt (Paulij et al., 1990). Below 22.4 PSU malformed embryos were observed and the development rate of embryos was reduced even at 28.7 PSU. This is due to an increase in osmotic stress and a resultant reduction in available energy reserves (Paulij et al., 1990). The highest percentage of healthy hatchlings was found at salinities of 29.8 PSU (Paulij et al., 1990). Therefore, in culture, the optimum working salinity range is 27 – 35 PSU (Sykes et al., 2006(b)).

ATTENTION:

Guerra, Á., Hernández-Urcera, J., Garci, M.E., Sestelo, M., Regueira, M., Gilcoto, M. & González, Á.F., 2016. Spawning habitat selection by the common cuttlefish Sepia officinalis in the Cíes Islands (Northwest Spain). Fisheries Research, 183, 44-54.

Merseyside BioBank., 2018. Merseyside BioBank (unverified). Occurrence dataset: https://doi.org/10.15468/iou2ld accessed via GBIF.org on 2018-10-01. As for the other items. I was able to locate the same exact vintage large plastic crate as in the film. The crochet white blanket was easier than I thought to find as well. Benchmark.Damage to surface features (e.g. species and physical structures within the habitat). Further detail Sensitivity assessment. Sepia officinalis are able to undergo habituation to the sound but may change their behaviour, including mating behaviour. Internal damage has been caused by specific noise levels, meaning, the resistance to this pressure is probably ‘Medium’ albeit with ‘low’ confidence. Hence, resilience is probably ‘ Medium’, and sensitivity has been assessed as ‘Medium’. Johansen, K., Brix, O., Kornerup, S. & Lykkeboe, G., 1982. Factors affecting oxygen uptake in the cuttlefish, Sepia officinalis. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 62, 187-191.Samson, J.E., Mooney, T.A., Gussekloo, S.W.S. & Hanlon, R.T., 2014. Graded behavioral responses and habituation to sound in the common cuttlefish Sepia officinalis. The Journal of Experimental Biology, 217, 4347. Castro, B.G. & Guerra, A., 1990. The diet of Sepia officinalis (Linnaeus, 1758) and Sepia elegans (D'Orbigny, 1835) (Cephalopoda, Sepioidea) from the Ria de Vigo (NW Spain). Scientia Marina, 54(4), 375-388. Pascual.E., 1978. Crecimiento y alimentación de tres generaciones de Sepia officinalis en cultivo. Invest Pesqu, 42,421-441. Naud, M.J., Shaw, P.W., Hanlon, R.T. & Havenhand, J.N., 2005. Evidence for biased use of sperm sources in wild female giant cuttlefish ( Sepia apama). Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 272, 1047-1051 Robin, J. P., Roberts, M., Zeidberg, L., Bloor, I., Rodriguez, A., Briceño, F., Downey, N., Mascaró, M., Navarro, M., Guerra, A., Hofmeister, J., Barcellos, D.D., Lourenço, S.A.P., Roper, C.F.E., Moltschaniwskyj, N.A., Green, C.P. & Mather, J., 2014. Transitions During Cephalopod Life History: The Role of Habitat, Environment, Functional Morphology and Behaviour. In Vidal, E.A.G. (ed.) Advances in Marine Biology, 64, 361-437.