xiii] Badawy A, State O, Sherief S. Can thyroid dysfunction explicate severe menopausal symptoms? Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 2007 Jul;27(5):503-5. Doi: 10.1080/01443610701405812 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17701801 Low levels of circulating thyroid hormone can cause impaired gut motility and constipation, which can perpetuate the vicious cycle of hormone imbalance. Inflammation in the gut also reduces T3 by raising cortisol. Cortisol decreases active T3 levels while increasing levels of inactive T3. 1 When discussing the relationship between thyroid and menopause, it is also useful to mention that hypothyroidism can contribute to the onset of complications associated with the “change”. The thyroid makes two hormones that it secretes into the bloodstream. One is called thyroxine; this hormone contains four atoms of iodine and is often called T4. The other is called triiodothyronine, which contains three atoms of iodine and is often called T3. In the cells and tissues of the body, the T4 is converted to T3. It is the T3, derived from T4 or secreted as T3 from the thyroid gland, which is biologically active and influences the activity of all the cells and tissues of your body.

Bearing in mind the link between estrogen and thyroid gland function, scientists started wondering if there are estrogen receptors in thyroid tissue. Fröhlich E, Wahl R. Microbiota and Thyroid Interaction in Health and Disease. Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2019. Vol. 30, No. 8.vi] Santin AP, Weber Furlanetto T. Role of estrogen in thyroid function and growth regulation. Journal of Thyroid Research 2011 Feb. Doi: 10.4061/2011/875125 https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jtr/2011/875125/#B7 You probably know your adrenal glands for producing adrenaline and managing your fight or flight response. However, did you know that, as part of your endocrine system, they also produce hormones that impact major metabolic processes, just like your thyroiddoes? The hormones produced by your adrenal glands help to regulate blood pressure, electrolyte balance, blood sugar, immune response, digestion, and more. 1 Once processed, international shipments may take 2-6 weeks to arrive. This can vary greatly based on the country and its customs process In the brain, estrogen helps maintain body temperature, may delay memory loss, protects nerve cells from damage

Saccromyces boulardi is one strain that has been shown to protect against pathogens, increase beneficial immune response, protect gastrointestinal barrier function, and promote enzymatic activity so you can better absorb nutrients from your food!For example, the European Journal of Endocrinology published a study which analyzed data from 94,009 participants. There has to be some sort of mechanism that regulates very carefully the amount of T4 and T3 secreted by your thyroid gland so that the right - the normal - amounts are manufactured and delivered into the bloodstream. The mechanism is very similar to that which regulates the central heating in a house where there is a thermostat in, say, the living room, which is set to a particular temperature and which activates the gas- or oil-fired furnace, or boiler that heats the hot water. In the case of the thyroid, the ‘thermostat’ consists of a little gland, called the pituitary gland that lies underneath your brain in your skull. The pituitary senses the level of thyroid hormones in your bloodstream, just as the thermostat in your living room senses the temperature. Under normal circumstances, if the level drops just a little below normal, the pituitary reacts by secreting a hormone called the thyroid-stimulating hormone, also known as TSH, and this hormone activates the thyroid gland to put out more T4 and T3. Iodothyronine-deiodinases play an important role in the conversion of thyroxine (T4) to its active form triiodothyronine (T3) or reverse T3 (rT3), its inactive form [ 4]. Deiodinase activity has also been found in the intestinal wall and could contribute to total T3 body levels. A study conducted in rats showed binding of thyroid hormones by gut bacteria and even competing with albumin [ 1, 25].