Adu‐Afarwuah, S., Lartey, A., & Dewey, K. G. (2017). Meeting nutritional needs in the first 1000 days: A place for small‐quantity lipid‐based nutrient supplements. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1392( 1), 18–29. 10.1111/nyas.13328 Figure 40: North America Fish Powder Market Y-o-Y Growth (%) Projections by Product Type, 2022-2032

The removal of these bones is laborious, and it also leads to the loss of key minerals such as calcium, potassium, sodium, and zinc. Low-value marine by-catch is gaining popularity in several regions of the world as a fish protein concentration and edible fish powder made from deboned fish. The in vitro spread plate technique method was used to carry out the Total Plate Count (TPC). Commercially available nutrient agar powder (M001, HiMedia Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Nashik, India) was taken to prepare the media. 28 g of powder mixed with 1000 mL of boiling distilled water (100°C). After that, the prepared media was sterilised (121°C) along with all other necessary equipment. The medium was poured into a Petri dish and cooled carefully to dilute each step of the mass, and uniformly spread 0.1 mL sample. After incubation at 37°C for 24 hours, individual colonies were carefully counted and expressed in colony-forming units (CFU/g) [ 32]. 2.7. Sensory Analysis of Fish Powder-Fortified Cake Figure 111: East Asia Fish Powder Market Value Share (%) and BPS Analysis by Product Type, 2022-2032 Grantham‐McGregor, S., & Ani, C. (2001). A review of studies on the effect of iron deficiency on cognitive development in children. The Journal of Nutrition, 131( 2), 649S–668S. 10.1093/jn/131.2.649SDewey, K. G. (2013). The challenge of meeting nutrient needs of infants and young children during the period of complementary feeding: An evolutionary perspective. Journal of Nutrition, 143, 2050–2054. 10.3945/jn.113.182527 Pan-frying is the best cooking method. The direct heat cooks and rounds out the spices, while you get lovely caramelisation on the fish;

Figure 64: Latin America Fish Powder Market Y-o-Y Growth (%) Projections by Product Type, 2022-2032 Ferguson, E., Chege, P., Kimiywe, J., Wiesmann, D., & Hotz, C. (2016). Zinc, iron and calcium are major limiting nutrients in the complementary diets of rural Kenyan children. Maternal & Child Nutrition, 11, 6–20. 10.1111/mcn.12243 Rather than being a direct copycat of Old Bay, I’ve tweaked this spice mix slightly to make it most ideal for fish. At least, to my tastes! Roos, N., Wahab, M. A., Hossain, M. A. R., & Thilsted, S. H. (2007). Linking human nutrition and fisheries: incorporating micronutrient‐dense, small indigenous fish species in carp polyculture production in Bangladesh. (Special issue: Linkages between agriculture and health in science, policy, and practice.). Food and Nutrition Bulletin, 28( 2 Supplement), S280–S293. 10.1177/15648265070282S207Caswell, B. L., Talegawkar, S. A., Siamusantu, W., West, K. P., & Palmer, A. C. (2018). Usual nutrient intake adequacy among young, rural Zambian children. British Journal of Nutrition, 119( 1), 57–65. 10.1017/S000711451700335X Karakochuk, C. D., Whitfield, K. C., Green, T. J., & Kraemer, K. (2017). The biology of the first 1000 days. Taylor & Francis. [ Google Scholar] A portable colorimeter (BC-200, Biaobase, Shandon, China) was used to determine the colour of the dried fish powder sample. CIELAB spaces were used to express the colour. The sample’s brightness (L ∗), redness (a ∗), and yellowness (b ∗) are all included in this reading. The colorimeter also provided the chroma value, which is the level of saturation, as well as the hue angle, which is the position of the colour in the colour wheel [ 24]. 2.4. Proximate Analysis Make spice mix– Mix the ingredients in a small bowl. This will keep for a couple of months in an airtight container. The recipe makes 1 batch of seasoning which is enough to season fish for 4 people; Horwitz, W., Chichilo, P., & Reynolds, H. (1970). Official methods of analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Washington, DC, USA: Association of Official Analytical Chemists.

This is a great spice mix to make up a big jar of and keep in the pantry on standby. It should keep for 2 to 3 months, provided the spices you use are fresh. With regards to fish and shellfish allergy and hypersensitivity, HACCP principals should be applied to prevent allergy risk and due to the nature and origin of the powder. Careful handling to prevent direct inhalation should be undertaken to prevent potential irritation as these products are not intended for consumption in concentrate dry powder form. Marchbank, T.; Limdi, J. K.; Mahmood, A.; Elia, G.; Playford, R. J. (2008). "Clinical trial: Protective effect of a commercial fish protein hydrolysate against indomethacin (NSAID)-induced small intestinal injury". Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 28 (6): 799–804. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2008.03783.x. PMID 19145735. S2CID 31397. The growing popularity of ready-to-eat food provides a Strong Base for the fish powder market in North America

Fish consumption in children is associated with a reduction in stunting, as demonstrated by a cross‐sectional study in Zambia of urban children under 5years old (Marinda et al., 2018) and by an analysis of fish consumption and stunting in 49 low‐ and middle‐income countries (Headey et al., 2018). However, evidence from impact evaluations is mixed. Recent findings from Cambodia demonstrated that small fish can replace milk powder in products designed for treating malnutrition, given they are both micronutrient‐dense foods (Sigh et al., 2018). Another study in Cambodia found that fish are largely on par with milk in complementary food products for promoting growth (Skau et al., 2013). Other trials in Kenya and Ghana did not see an impact on child growth when fish were added to complementary foods (Konyole et al., 2019; Lartey et al., 1999). Further evidence in the Zambian setting on the role of fish powder on nutrition outcomes in infants and children is warranted, and closer attention should be paid to the food matrix through which the fish is delivered, given many complementary foods contain phytates. Due to the growing poultry business and aqua feed, the feed industry is predicted to grow at a CAGR of more than 8.3% in the future years. Harold, E., Ronald, S. K., & Ronald, S. (1981). Pearson's chemical analysis of foods. Churchill Livingstone. [ Google Scholar] Daly, Z., Northrup‐Lyons, M., Reid, M. C., & Hutchinson, D. (2015). Effectiveness study for the development of a home fortification programme for young children in Zambia—Endline report, (June). Retrieved from https://www.unicef.org/zambia/Effectiveness_Study_for_the_Development_of_a_Home_Fortification_Programme.pdf